Therefore, all infants should be screened for anemia. вЂЊManaging poikilocytosis requires the diagnosis and treatment of the underlying medical condition.ДЄs many as 80% of children worldwide develop anemia before the age of eighteen. Poikilocytosis can also result from the coexistence of acne, functional gallbladder disorder, and mite infection.

Of those cancer patients showing evidence of poikilocytosis, only 50% are typically expected to survive. While poikilocytosis occurs in about 12% of cancer patients, anemia or uremia may or may not be present.

вЂЊEchinocytes (burr cells): a deficiency of the pyruvate kinase enzyme, kidney disease, or cancer.

вЂЊCodocytes (target cells): liver disease, iron deficiency, hemoglobin C disease, or spleen removal.

вЂЊElliptocytes (oval or elongated cells): iron deficiency, myelofibrosis, or megaloblastic anemia.

Schistocytes (hollow cells): hemolytic anemias, burns, sepsis, and platelet disorders.

вЂЊAcanthocytes (spur cells): liver disease, kidney disease, thalassemia, autoimmune hemolytic anemia, or McLeod syndrome.

вЂЊDacrocytes (teardrop cells): leukemia, megaloblastic anemia, or myelofibrosis.вЂЊSpherocytes (cup shaped): autoimmune disorders, transfusion reactions, diseases of newborns, or snakebites.Drepanocytes (sickle cells): sickle cell disease.

Common causes of abnormal red blood cells include: вЂЊThe medical causes of poikilocytosis vary by the type of cell shape. Iron deficiency also affects many patients with chronic inflammatory bowel disease, heart failure, and chronic kidney disease. Less than 20 milligrams per liter of serum ferritin is a sign of iron deficiency anemia, whereas the presence of serum ferritin greater than 100 milligrams per liter is consistent with anemia of chronic inflammation. The three main types of anemia are iron deficiency anemia (the most common type), thalassemia, and anemia of chronic disease.ДЄs a protein that stores iron, serum ferritin can be measured to determine iron stores, although one downside is that the test is sensitive to the timing of meals. These may include a red blood count enzyme test, taking a bone marrow sample, isoelectric focusing, or a membrane protein test. If the diagnosis is unclear, additional tests may be required. вЂЊA four-point scale indicates the percentage of cells affected: An abnormal result occurs when the shape, color, or size of the red blood cells are not normal. A result is normal when the cells have a normal appearance, and the count is within the normal range. вЂЊA blood sample is taken and sent to a lab for analysis. The total cell count is registered as well as estimating the average volume and variation in size. In a CBC, electronic instruments count red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. A complete blood count ( CBC) test is the most common test for diagnosing a variety of underlying medical conditions including cancer and anemia. вЂЊPoikilocytosis can be diagnosed using a blood-smear test.

вЂЊOval or elongated cells (Elliptocytes).

вЂЊUnderstanding the causes of poikilocytosis and starting treatment early requires knowing about the several types - or cell shapes. вЂЊHowever, these same symptoms could point to chronic inflammation, so your doctor will need to perform a blood test. They often include signs that the bodyвЂ™s tissues are not getting enough oxygen delivered by the red blood cells, such as: вЂЊSymptoms of poikilocytosis depend on the root medical condition. These cells may have point-like projections or may include shapes that are flat, elongated, teardrop, or in the shape of a sickle or crescent. The term poikilocytosis refers to a condition where 10% or more of the red blood cells are abnormally shaped due to other medical conditions. Normal red blood cells are in the shape of a disk, thicker on the edge and thinner in the middle (biconcave). вЂЊRed blood cells carry oxygen from the lungs to other cells throughout the body and return carbon dioxide to the lungs.

Define misshapen